13.2.1. Elección de un gestor de pantalla
The graphical interface only provides display space. Running the X server by itself only leads to an empty screen, which is why most installations use a display manager to display a user authentication screen and start the graphical desktop once the user has authenticated. The three most popular display managers in current use are gdm3 (GNOME Display Manager), sddm (suggested for KDE Plasma) and lightdm (Light Display Manager). More alternatives exist and can be found by searching for the x-display-manager virtual package.
Since the Falcot Corp administrators have opted to use the GNOME desktop environment, they logically picked gdm3
as a display manager too. The /etc/gdm3/daemon.conf
configuration file has many options (the list can be found in the /usr/share/gdm/gdm.schemas
schema file) to control its behavior while /etc/gdm3/greeter.dconf-defaults
contains settings for the greeter “session” (more than just a login window, it is a limited desktop with power management and accessibility related tools). Note that some of the most useful settings for end-users can be tweaked with GNOME's control center.
13.2.2. Elección de un gestor de ventanas
Debido a que cada escritorio gráfico provee su propio gestor de ventanas, la elección del gestor de ventanas que elija está normalmente influenciada por el escritorio que haya elegido. GNOME utiliza el gestor de ventanas mutter
, Plasma utiliza kwin
y Xfce (que presentaremos más adelante) utiliza xfwm
. La filosofía Unix siempre permitió utilizar el gestor de ventanas que uno prefiera, pero utilizar los recomendados permite que un administrador aproveche mejor los esfuerzos de integración que realiza cada proyecto.
Older computers may, however, have a hard time running heavyweight graphical desktop environments. In these cases, a lighter alternative (search for the x-window-manager virtual package) should be used. “Light” (or small footprint) window managers include WindowMaker (in the wmaker package), afterstep, icewm, blackbox, fluxbox, or openbox. In these cases, the system should be configured so that the appropriate window manager gets precedence; the standard way is to change the x-window-manager
alternative with the command update-alternatives --config x-window-manager
.